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	<journal>
		<journal_title>Climate of the Past</journal_title>
		<journal_url>www.clim-past.net</journal_url>
		<issn>1814-9324</issn>
		<eissn>1814-9332</eissn>
		<volume_number>3</volume_number>
		<issue_number>1</issue_number>
		<publication_year>2007</publication_year>
	</journal>
	<doi>10.5194/cp-3-65-2007</doi>
	<article_url>http://www.clim-past.net/3/65/2007/</article_url>
	<abstract_html>http://www.clim-past.net/3/65/2007/cp-3-65-2007.html</abstract_html>
	<fulltext_pdf>http://www.clim-past.net/3/65/2007/cp-3-65-2007.pdf</fulltext_pdf>
	<start_page>65</start_page>
	<end_page>76</end_page>
	<publication_date>2007-02-06</publication_date>
	<article_title content_type="html">On the variability of return periods of European winter precipitation extremes over the last three centuries</article_title>
	<authors>
		<author numeration="1" affiliations="1">
			<name>A. Pauling</name>
			<email>andreas.pauling@meteoswiss.ch</email>
		</author>
		<author numeration="2" affiliations="2">
			<name>H. Paeth</name>
		</author>
	</authors>
	<affiliations>
		<affiliation numeration="1" content_type="html">Institute of Geography, University of Bern, Hallerstrasse 12, 3012 Bern, Switzerland</affiliation>
		<affiliation numeration="2" content_type="html">Geographical Institute, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074 Würzburg, Germany</affiliation>
	</affiliations>
	<abstract content_type="html">We investigate the changes of extreme European winter (December-February)
precipitation back to 1700 and show for various European regions that return
periods of extremely wet and dry winters are subject to significant changes
both before and after the onset of anthropogenic influences. Generally,
winter precipitation has become more extreme. We also examine the spatial
pattern of the changes of the extremes covering the last 300 years where
data quality is sufficient. Over central and Eastern Europe dry winters
occurred more frequently during the 18th and the second part of the
19th century relative to 1951&amp;ndash;2000. Dry winters were less frequent
during both the 18th and 19th century over the British Isles and
the Mediterranean. Wet winters have been less abundant during the last three
centuries compared to 1951&amp;ndash;2000 except during the early 18th century in
central Europe. Although winter precipitation extremes are affected by
climate change, no obvious connection of these changes was found to solar,
volcanic or anthropogenic forcing. However, physically meaningful
interpretation with atmospheric circulation changes was possible.</abstract>
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</article>

