Climate of the Past www.clim-past.net 1814-9324 1814-9332 6 2 2010 10.5194/cp-6-195-2010 http://www.clim-past.net/6/195/2010/ http://www.clim-past.net/6/195/2010/cp-6-195-2010.html http://www.clim-past.net/6/195/2010/cp-6-195-2010.pdf 195 218 2010-04-07 Contribution of oceanic and vegetation feedbacks to Holocene climate change in monsoonal Asia A. Dallmeyer anne.dallmeyer@zmaw.de M. Claussen J. Otto Max Planck Institute for Meteorology, Hamburg, Germany Meteorological Institute, KlimaCampus, University Hamburg, Germany International Max-Planck-Research School, Hamburg, Germany The impact of vegetation-atmosphere and ocean-atmosphere interactions on the mid- to late Holocene climate change as well as their synergy is studied for different parts of the Asian monsoon region, giving consideration to the large climatic and topographical heterogeneity in that area. We concentrate on temperature and precipitation changes as the main parameters describing monsoonal influenced climates. For our purpose, we analyse a set of coupled numerical experiments, performed with the comprehensive Earth system model ECHAM5/JSBACH-MPIOM under present-day and mid-Holocene (6 k) orbital configurations (Otto et al., 2009b). The temperature change caused by the insolation forcing reveals an enhanced seasonal cycle, with a pronounced warming in summer (0.58 K) and autumn (1.29 K) and a cooling in the other seasons (spring: -1.32 K; winter: -0.97 K). Most of this change can be attributed to the direct response of the atmosphere, but the ocean, whose reaction has a lagged seasonal cycle (warming in autumn and winter, cooling in the other seasons), strongly modifies the signal. The simulated contribution of dynamic vegetation is small and most effective in winter, where it slightly warms the near-surface atmosphere (approx. 0.03 K). The temperature difference attributed to the synergy is on average positive, but also small. 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