Articles | Volume 12, issue 4
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-871-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-871-2016
© Author(s) 2016. This work is distributed under
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
the Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 License.
Research article
| 
08 Apr 2016
Research article |
| 08 Apr 2016
The climate reconstruction in Shandong Peninsula, northern China, during the last millennium based on stalagmite laminae together with a comparison to δ18O
Qing Wang
CORRESPONDING AUTHOR
Coast Institute of Ludong University, Yantai 264025,
China
School of Geography, South China Normal University,
Guangzhou 510631, China
Ke Cheng
Coast Institute of Ludong University, Yantai 264025,
China
Hong Chi
Coast Institute of Ludong University, Yantai 264025,
China
Chuan-Chou Shen
High-precision Mass Spectrometry and Environment Change
Lab (HISPEC), Department of Geosciences, National Taiwan University, Taipei
10617, Taiwan, ROC
Changshan Wang
Coast Institute of Ludong University, Yantai 264025,
China
Qianqian Ma
Coast Institute of Ludong University, Yantai 264025,
China
Related authors
Qing Wang, Ke Cheng, Zhihui Zheng, Hong Chi, and Hongyan Wang
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-73, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-73, 2017
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, a stalagmite grown during the last in 1 ka from the temperate zone of the East Asia Monsoon area has been studied. We examined the overlap of the δ18O and δ13C ratios found from the stalagmite with events from ancient Chinese history, primarily the transitions between major dynasties. We found that the major dynastic transitions coincided with changes in the intensity of the summer monsoon, and that human land use had an increasing impact on the climate throughout the 1 ka.
Miriam Pfeiffer, Hideko Takayanagi, Lars Reuning, Takaaki Konabe Watanabe, Saori Ito, Dieter Garbe-Schönberg, Tsuyoshi Watanabe, Chung-Che Wu, Chuan-Chou Shen, Jens Zinke, Geert-Jan Brummer, and Sri Yudawati Cahyarini
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-25, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2024-25, 2024
Preprint under review for CP
Short summary
Short summary
A coral reconstruction of past climate shows changes in the seasonal cycle of sea surface temperature in the SE tropical Indian Ocean. An enhanced seasonal cycle suggests that the tropical rainfall belt shifted northwards between 1855–1917. We explain this with greater warming in the NE Indian Ocean relative to the SE, which strengthens surface winds and coastal upwelling, leading to greater cooling in the eastern Indian Ocean south of the Equator.
Maike Leupold, Miriam Pfeiffer, Takaaki K. Watanabe, Lars Reuning, Dieter Garbe-Schönberg, Chuan-Chou Shen, and Geert-Jan A. Brummer
Clim. Past, 17, 151–170, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-151-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-151-2021, 2021
Ryu Uemura, Yudai Kina, Chuan-Chou Shen, and Kanako Omine
Clim. Past, 16, 17–27, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-17-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-17-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
The oxygen isotopic ratio of water in fluid inclusions in speleothems is an important proxy for the changes in past hydroclimate and temperatures. This isotopic ratio, however, may be affected by isotopic exchange between the water and the host calcite. Here we evaluate this exchange reaction based on a laboratory experiment. We demonstrated that the exchange was detectable but not significant for temperature reconstruction, likely because the reaction occurred only with a thin calcite layer.
Xiuyang Jiang, Yaoqi He, Xiaoyan Wang, Jinguo Dong, Zhizhong Li, and Chuan-Chou Shen
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-144, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-144, 2017
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
Facilitated by a robust chronology with closely spaced U-Th ages, replicated sub-decadal-resolved δ18O records of two stalagmites from Sanxing Cave, Southwest China, express Asian Summer Monsoon (ASM) history from 79.0 ± 0.2 to 75.7 ± 0.2 thousand years before present (kyr BP, before AD 1950) to reveal detailed structure of MIS 5a/4 transition and Chinese Interstadial (CIS) 21.
Qing Wang, Ke Cheng, Zhihui Zheng, Hong Chi, and Hongyan Wang
Clim. Past Discuss., https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-73, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-2017-73, 2017
Manuscript not accepted for further review
Short summary
Short summary
In this paper, a stalagmite grown during the last in 1 ka from the temperate zone of the East Asia Monsoon area has been studied. We examined the overlap of the δ18O and δ13C ratios found from the stalagmite with events from ancient Chinese history, primarily the transitions between major dynasties. We found that the major dynastic transitions coincided with changes in the intensity of the summer monsoon, and that human land use had an increasing impact on the climate throughout the 1 ka.
Heitor Evangelista, Ilana Wainer, Abdelfettah Sifeddine, Thierry Corrège, Renato C. Cordeiro, Saulo Lamounier, Daniely Godiva, Chuan-Chou Shen, Florence Le Cornec, Bruno Turcq, Claire E. Lazareth, and Ching-Yi Hu
Biogeosciences, 13, 2379–2386, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2379-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-13-2379-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
Recent Southern Hemisphere (SH) atmospheric circulation, predominantly driven by stratospheric ozone depletion over Antarctica, has caused changes in climate across the extratropics. We present evidence that the Brazilian coast may have been impacted from both wind and sea surface temperature changes derived from this process. Skeleton analysis of massive coral species living in shallow waters off Brazil are very sensitive to air–sea interactions and seem to record this process.
L. Lo, C.-C. Shen, K.-Y. Wei, G. S. Burr, H.-S. Mii, M.-T. Chen, S.-Y. Lee, and M.-C. Tsai
Clim. Past, 10, 2253–2261, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-2253-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-2253-2014, 2014
Short summary
Short summary
1. We have reconstructed new meridional thermal and precipitation stacked records in the Indo-Pacific Warm Pool (IPWP) during the last termination.
2. Meridional thermal gradient variations in the IPWP show tight links to the Northern Hemisphere millennial timescales event.
3. Anomalous warming in the south IPWP region could induce the southward shifting of the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) in the IPWP during the Heinrich 1 and Younger Dryas events.
C. R. Maupin, J. W. Partin, C.-C. Shen, T. M. Quinn, K. Lin, F. W. Taylor, J. L. Banner, K. Thirumalai, and D. J. Sinclair
Clim. Past, 10, 1319–1332, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1319-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1319-2014, 2014
T.-Y. Li, C.-C. Shen, L.-J. Huang, X.-Y. Jiang, X.-L. Yang, H.-S. Mii, S.-Y. Lee, and L. Lo
Clim. Past, 10, 1211–1219, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1211-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1211-2014, 2014
Related subject area
Subject: Climate Modelling | Archive: Modelling only | Timescale: Millenial/D-O
High-resolution LGM climate of Europe and the Alpine region using the regional climate model WRF
Causes of the weak emergent constraint on climate sensitivity at the Last Glacial Maximum
Does a difference in ice sheets between Marine Isotope Stages 3 and 5a affect the duration of stadials? Implications from hosing experiments
Impact of mid-glacial ice sheets on deep ocean circulation and global climate
A Bayesian framework for emergent constraints: case studies of climate sensitivity with PMIP
Equilibrium simulations of Marine Isotope Stage 3 climate
Heinrich events show two-stage climate response in transient glacial simulations
Hosed vs. unhosed: interruptions of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation in a global coupled model, with and without freshwater forcing
Variability of daily winter wind speed distribution over Northern Europe during the past millennium in regional and global climate simulations
Last interglacial model–data mismatch of thermal maximum temperatures partially explained
Hindcasting the continuum of Dansgaard–Oeschger variability: mechanisms, patterns and timing
Climatic impacts of fresh water hosing under Last Glacial Maximum conditions: a multi-model study
A mechanism for dust-induced destabilization of glacial climates
The climate in the Baltic Sea region during the last millennium simulated with a regional climate model
Role of CO2 and Southern Ocean winds in glacial abrupt climate change
Heinrich event 1: an example of dynamical ice-sheet reaction to oceanic changes
Weakened atmospheric energy transport feedback in cold glacial climates
Water vapour source impacts on oxygen isotope variability in tropical precipitation during Heinrich events
Glacial climate sensitivity to different states of the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation: results from the IPSL model
Emmanuele Russo, Jonathan Buzan, Sebastian Lienert, Guillaume Jouvet, Patricio Velasquez Alvarez, Basil Davis, Patrick Ludwig, Fortunat Joos, and Christoph C. Raible
Clim. Past, 20, 449–465, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-449-2024, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-20-449-2024, 2024
Short summary
Short summary
We present a series of experiments conducted for the Last Glacial Maximum (~21 ka) over Europe using the regional climate Weather Research and Forecasting model (WRF) at convection-permitting resolutions. The model, with new developments better suited to paleo-studies, agrees well with pollen-based climate reconstructions. This agreement is improved when considering different sources of uncertainty. The effect of convection-permitting resolutions is also assessed.
Martin Renoult, Navjit Sagoo, Jiang Zhu, and Thorsten Mauritsen
Clim. Past, 19, 323–356, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-323-2023, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-19-323-2023, 2023
Short summary
Short summary
The relationship between the Last Glacial Maximum and the sensitivity of climate models to a doubling of CO2 can be used to estimate the true sensitivity of the Earth. However, this relationship has varied in successive model generations. In this study, we assess multiple processes at the Last Glacial Maximum which weaken this relationship. For example, how models respond to the presence of ice sheets is a large contributor of uncertainty.
Sam Sherriff-Tadano, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, Akira Oka, Takahito Mitsui, and Fuyuki Saito
Clim. Past, 17, 1919–1936, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1919-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-1919-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
Glacial periods underwent climate shifts between warm states and cold states on a millennial timescale. Frequency of these climate shifts varied along time: it was shorter during mid-glacial period compared to early glacial period. Here, from climate simulations of early and mid-glacial periods with a comprehensive climate model, we show that the larger ice sheet in the mid-glacial compared to early glacial periods could contribute to the frequent climate shifts during the mid-glacial period.
Sam Sherriff-Tadano, Ayako Abe-Ouchi, and Akira Oka
Clim. Past, 17, 95–110, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-95-2021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-17-95-2021, 2021
Short summary
Short summary
We perform simulations of Marine Isotope Stage 3 and 5a with an atmosphere–ocean general circulation model to explore the effect of the southward expansion of mid-glacial ice sheets on the Atlantic Meridional Overturning Circulation (AMOC) and climate. We find that the southward expansion of the mid-glacial ice sheet causes a surface cooling over the North Atlantic and Southern Ocean, but it exerts a small impact on the AMOC due to the competing effects of surface wind and surface cooling.
Martin Renoult, James Douglas Annan, Julia Catherine Hargreaves, Navjit Sagoo, Clare Flynn, Marie-Luise Kapsch, Qiang Li, Gerrit Lohmann, Uwe Mikolajewicz, Rumi Ohgaito, Xiaoxu Shi, Qiong Zhang, and Thorsten Mauritsen
Clim. Past, 16, 1715–1735, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1715-2020, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-16-1715-2020, 2020
Short summary
Short summary
Interest in past climates as sources of information for the climate system has grown in recent years. In particular, studies of the warm mid-Pliocene and cold Last Glacial Maximum showed relationships between the tropical surface temperature of the Earth and its sensitivity to an abrupt doubling of atmospheric CO2. In this study, we develop a new and promising statistical method and obtain similar results as previously observed, wherein the sensitivity does not seem to exceed extreme values.
Chuncheng Guo, Kerim H. Nisancioglu, Mats Bentsen, Ingo Bethke, and Zhongshi Zhang
Clim. Past, 15, 1133–1151, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1133-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-1133-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
We present an equilibrium simulation of the climate of Marine Isotope Stage 3, with an IPCC-class model with a relatively high model resolution and a long integration. The simulated climate resembles a warm interstadial state, as indicated by reconstructions of Greenland temperature, sea ice extent, and AMOC. Sensitivity experiments to changes in atmospheric CO2 levels and ice sheet size show that the model is in a relatively stable climate state without multiple equilibria.
Florian Andreas Ziemen, Marie-Luise Kapsch, Marlene Klockmann, and Uwe Mikolajewicz
Clim. Past, 15, 153–168, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-153-2019, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-15-153-2019, 2019
Short summary
Short summary
Heinrich events are among the dominant modes of glacial climate variability. They are caused by massive ice discharges from the Laurentide Ice Sheet into the North Atlantic. In previous studies, the climate changes were either seen as resulting from freshwater released from the melt of the discharged icebergs or by ice sheet elevation changes. With a coupled ice sheet–climate model, we show that both effects are relevant with the freshwater effects preceding the ice sheet elevation effects.
Nicolas Brown and Eric D. Galbraith
Clim. Past, 12, 1663–1679, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1663-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-1663-2016, 2016
Short summary
Short summary
An Earth system model is used to explore variability in the global impacts of AMOC disruptions. The model exhibits spontaneous AMOC oscillations under particular boundary conditions, which we compare with freshwater-forced disruptions. We find that the global impacts are similar whether the AMOC disruptions are spontaneous or forced. Freshwater forcing generally amplifies the global impacts, with tropical precipitation and the stability of polar haloclines showing particular sensitivity.
Svenja E. Bierstedt, Birgit Hünicke, Eduardo Zorita, Sebastian Wagner, and Juan José Gómez-Navarro
Clim. Past, 12, 317–338, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-317-2016, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-12-317-2016, 2016
P. Bakker and H. Renssen
Clim. Past, 10, 1633–1644, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1633-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-1633-2014, 2014
L. Menviel, A. Timmermann, T. Friedrich, and M. H. England
Clim. Past, 10, 63–77, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-63-2014, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-10-63-2014, 2014
M. Kageyama, U. Merkel, B. Otto-Bliesner, M. Prange, A. Abe-Ouchi, G. Lohmann, R. Ohgaito, D. M. Roche, J. Singarayer, D. Swingedouw, and X Zhang
Clim. Past, 9, 935–953, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-935-2013, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-9-935-2013, 2013
B. F. Farrell and D. S. Abbot
Clim. Past, 8, 2061–2067, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-2061-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-2061-2012, 2012
S. Schimanke, H. E. M. Meier, E. Kjellström, G. Strandberg, and R. Hordoir
Clim. Past, 8, 1419–1433, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1419-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1419-2012, 2012
R. Banderas, J. Álvarez-Solas, and M. Montoya
Clim. Past, 8, 1011–1021, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1011-2012, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-8-1011-2012, 2012
J. Álvarez-Solas, M. Montoya, C. Ritz, G. Ramstein, S. Charbit, C. Dumas, K. Nisancioglu, T. Dokken, and A. Ganopolski
Clim. Past, 7, 1297–1306, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1297-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1297-2011, 2011
I. Cvijanovic, P. L. Langen, and E. Kaas
Clim. Past, 7, 1061–1073, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1061-2011, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-7-1061-2011, 2011
S. C. Lewis, A. N. LeGrande, M. Kelley, and G. A. Schmidt
Clim. Past, 6, 325–343, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-325-2010, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-6-325-2010, 2010
M. Kageyama, J. Mignot, D. Swingedouw, C. Marzin, R. Alkama, and O. Marti
Clim. Past, 5, 551–570, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-5-551-2009, https://doi.org/10.5194/cp-5-551-2009, 2009
Cited articles
Baker, A., Smart, P. L, and Edwards, R. L.: Annual growth banding in a cave stalagmite, Nature, 364, 518–520, 1993.
Baker, A., Proetor, C. J., and Barnes, W. L.: Variations in stalagmite luminescence laminae structure at Pool's Cave, England, AD 1910–1996: Calibration of a palaeo precipitation proxy, The Holocene, 9, 683–688, 1999.
Baldini, J. U. L.: Cave atmosphere controls on stalagmite growth rate and palaeoclimate records. Geological Society, London, Special Publications, 336, 283–294, 2010.
Baldini, J. U. L., McDermott, F., Baker, A., Baldini, L. M., Mattey, D. P., and Railsback, L. B.: Biomass effects on stalagmite growth and isotope ratios: A 20th century analogue from Wiltshire, England, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 240, 486–494, 2005.
Ban, F. M., Pan, G. X., and Wang, X. Z.: Timing and possible mechanism of organic substances formation in stalagmites liminae from Beijing Shihua Cave, Quaternary Sci., 25, 265–268, 2005 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
Brook, G. A., Rafter, M. A., Railsback, L. B., Sheen, S. W., and Lundberg, J.: A high resolution proxy record of rainfall and ENSO since AD 1550 from layering in stalagmites from Anjohibe cave, Madagascar, The Holocene, 9, 695–705, 1999.
Burns, S. J., Fleitmann, D., Matter, A., Kramers, J., and Al-Subbary, A. A.: Indian Ocean Climate and an Absolute Chronology over Dansgaard/Oeschger Events 9 to 13, Science, 301, 1365–1367, 2003.
Cai, B., Zhu, J., Ban, F., and Tan, M.: Intra-annual variation of the calcitede position rate of drip water in Shihua Cave, Beijing, China and its mplications for palaeoclimatic reconstructions, Boreas, 40, 525–535, 2011.
Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Broecker, W. S., Denton, G. H., Kong, X. G., Wang, Y.-J., Zhang, R., and Wang, X. F.: Ice age terminations, Science, 236, 248–252, 2009.
Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Shen, C. C., Polyak, V. J., Asmerom, Y., Woodhead, J., Hellstrom, J., Wang, Y. J., Kong, X. G., Spötl, C., Wang, X. F., and Alexander Jr., E. C.: Improvements in 230Th dating, 230Th and 234U half-life values, and U-Th isotopic measurements by multi-collector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 371/372, 82–91, 2013.
Chinese academy of meteorological sciences of China Meteorological Administration: Yearly charts of dryness/wetness in China for the last 500-year period, Beijing, China, China Cartographic Publishing House, 1981 (in Chinese).
Committee on Surface Temperature Reconstructions for the Last 2,000 Years and National Research Council: Surface temperature reconstructions for the last 2000 years, National Academies Press, Washington, DC, 2006.
Duan, W., Cai, B., Tan, M., Liu, H., and Zhang, Y.: The growth mechanism of the aragonitic stalagmite laminae from Yunnan Xianren Cave, SW China revealed by cave monitoring, Boreas, 41, 113–123, 2012.
Dykoski, C. A., Edwards, R. L., Cheng, H., Yuan, D. X., Cai, Y. J., Zhang, M. L., Lin, Y. S., Qing, J. M., An, Z. S., and Revenaugh, J.: A high-resolution, absolute-dated Holocene and deglacial Asian monsoon record from Dongge Cave, China, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 233, 71–86, 2005.
Fairchild, I. J, Smith, C. L., Baker, A., Fuller, L., Spötl, C., Mattey, D., and McDermott, F.: Modification and preservation of environmental signals in speleothems, Earth-Sci. Rev., 75, 105–153, 2006.
Fleitmann, D., Burns, S.J., Mudelsee, M., Neff, U., Kramers, J., Mangini, A., and Matter, A.: Holocene Forcing of the Indian Monsoon Recorded in a Stalagmite from Southern Oman, Science, 300, 1737–1739, 2003.
Frisia, S., Borsato, A., Preto, N., and McDermott, F.: Late Holocene annual growth in three Alpine stalagmites records the influence of solar activity and the North Atlantic Oscillationon winter climate, Earth Planet. Sci. Lett., 216, 411–424, 2003.
Genty, D. and Quinif, Y.: Annually laminated sequences in the internal structure of some Belgian stalagmites importance for paleoclimatology, J. Sediment. Res., 66, 275–288, 1996.
Genty, D., Blamart, D., Ouahdi, R., Gilmour, M., Baker, A., Jouzel, J., and Van-Exter, S.: Precise dating of Dansgaard-Oeschger climate oscillations in Western Europe from stalagmite data, Nature, 421, 833–837, 2003.
Hendy, C. H.: The isotopic geochemistry of speleothems (Part I). The calculation of the effects of different modes of formation on the isotopic composition of speleothems and their applicability as palaeoclimatic indicators, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 35, 801–824, 1971.
Hiess, J., Condon, D. J., McLean, N., and Noble, S. R.: 238U ∕ 235U Systematics in Terrestrial Uranium-Bearing Minerals, Science, 30, 1610–1614, 2012.
Hou, J. Z., Tan, M., Cheng, H., and Liu, T. S.: Stable isotope records of plant cover change and monsoon variation in the past 2200 years: evidence from laminated stalagmites in Beijing, China, Boreas, 32, 304–313, 2003.
Jaffey, A. H. K., Flynn, K. F., Glendenin, L. E., Bentley, W. C., and Essling, A. M.: Precision measurement of half-lives and specific activities of 235U and 238U, Phys. Rev. C, 4, 1889–1906, 1971.
Kuo, T. Z., Liu, Z. Q., Li, H. C., Wan, N. J., Shen, C. C., and Ku, T. L.: Climate and environmental changes during the past millennium in central western Guizhou, China as recorded by Stalagmite ZJD-21, J. Asian Earth Sci., 40, 1111–1120, 2011.
Lamp, H. H.: The early medieval warm epoch and its sequel, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol., 1, 13–37, 1965.
Lamp, H. H.: Climate: present, past and future, Methuen, London, 1972.
Li, H. C., Lee, Z. H., Wan, N. J., Shen, C. C., Li, T. Y., Yuan, D. X., and Chen, Y. H.: The δ18O and δ13C records in an aragonite stalagmite from Furong Cave, Chongqing, China: A-2000-year record of monsoonal climate, J. Asian Earth Sci., 40, 1121–1130, 2011.
Liu, D. B., Wang, Y. J., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., and Kong, X. G.: Cyclic changes of Asian monsoon intensity during the early mid-Holocene from annually-laminated stalagmites, central China, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 121, 1–10, 2015.
Liu, Y. H., Hu, C. Y., Huang, J. H., Xie, S. C., and Zhenghong, C.: The research of layer thickness of the stalagmite from the middle reaches of the Yangtze River taken as an proxy of the east Asian summer monsoon intensity, Quaternary Sci., 25, 228–234, 2005 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
Mariethoz, G., Kelly, B. F. J., and Baker, A.: Quantifying the value of laminated stalagmites for paleoclimate reconstructions, Geophys. Res. Lett., 39, L05407, https://doi.org/10.1029/2012GL050986, 2012.
Matthews, J. A. and Briffa, K. R.: The “Little Ice Age”: Re-evaluation of an evolving concept. Geografiska Annaler: Series A, Phys. Geogr., 87, 17–36, 2005.
McDermott, F., Mattey, D. P., and Hawkesworth, C.: Centennial-scale Holocene climate variability revealed by a high-resolution speleothem δ18Orecord from SW Ireland, Science, 294, 1328–1331, 2001.
Muangsong, C., Cai, B. G., Pumijumnong, N., Hu, C. Y., and Cheng, H.: An annually laminated stalagmite record of the changes in Thailand monsoon rainfall over the past 387 years and its relationship to IOD and ENSO, Quaternary Internat., 349, 90–97, 2014.
Ogilvie, A. E. J. and Jónsson, T.: “Little Ice Age” research: A perspective from Iceland, Clim. Change, 48, 9–52, 2001.
Paulsen, D. E., Li, H. C., and Ku, T. L.: Climate variability in central China over the last 1270 years revealed by high-resolution stalagmite records, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 22, 691–701, 2003.
Proctor, C. J., Baker, A., Barnes, W. L., and Gilmour, M. A.: A thousand year speleothem proxy record of North Atlantic climate from Scotland, Clim. Dynam., 16, 815–820, 2000.
Proctor, C. J., Baker, A., and Barnes, W.: A three thousand year record of North Atlantic climate, Clim. Dynam., 19, 449–454, 2002.
Qin, X. G., Tan, M., Liu, T. S., Wang, X. F., Li, T. Y., and Lu, J. P.: Spectral analysis of a 1000-year stalagmite lamina-thickness record from Shihua Cavern, Beijing, China, and its climatic significance, The Holocene, 9, 689–694, 1999.
Shandong Provincial Bureau of Geology-Mineral: The Regional Geology Records, Beijing, China, Geological Publishing House, 1991 (in Chinese).
Shen, C. C., Edwards, R. L., Cheng, H., Dorale, J. A., Thomas, R. B., Moran, S. B., Weinstein, S. E., and Edmonds, H. N.: Uranium and thorium isotopic and concentration measurements by magnetic sector inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, Chem. Geol., 185, 165–178, 2002.
Shen, C. C., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Moran, S. B., Edmonds, H. N., Hoff, J. A., and Thomas, R. B.: Measurement of attogram quantities of 231Pa in dissolved and particulate fractions of seawater by isotope dilution thermal ionization mass spectroscopy, Anal. Chem., 75, 1075–1079, 2003.
Shen, C. C., Wu, C. C., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Hsieh Y. T., Gallet, S., Chang, C. C., Li, T. Y., Lam, D. D., Kano, A., Hori, M., and Spötl, C.: High-precision and high resolution carbonate 230Th dating by MC-ICP-MS with SEM protocols, Geochim. Cosmochim. Ac., 99, 71–86, 2012.
Soil and fertilizer workstation of Shandong Province: Shandong Soil, Beijing, China, China Agriculture Press, 1994 (in Chinese).
Tan, L. C., Cai, Y. J., Cheng, H., An, Z. S., and Edwards R. L.: Summer monsoon precipitation variations in central China over the past 750 years derived from a high-resolution absolute-dated stalagmite, Palaeogeogr. Palaeoclimatol., 280, 432–439, 2009.
Tan, L. C, Yi, L., Cai, Y. J., Shen, C. C., Cheng, H., and An, Z. S.: Quantitative temperature reconstruction based on growth rate of annually-layered stalagmite: a case study from central China, Quaternary Sci. Rev., 72, 137–145, 2013.
Tan, M.: High resolution climatic records of China and global change, Quaternary Sci., 24, 455–462, 2004.
Tan, M.: Climatic differences and similarities between Indian and East Asian Monsoon regions of China over the last millennium: a perspective based mainly on stalagmite records, Int. J. Speleol., 36, 75–81, 2007.
Tan, M., Liu, D. S., Qin, X. G., Zhong, H., Li, T. Y., Zhao, S. S., Li, H. C., Lu, J. B., and Lu, X. Y.: Prelminary study on the data from microbanding and stable isotopes of stalagmites of Beijing Shihua Cave, Carsologica Sinica, 16, 1–10, 1997 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
Tan, M., Pan, G. X., Wang, X. F., Qin, X. G., Teng, Y. Z., Song, L. H., and Lin Y. S.: Stalagmites and environment – Preliminary study on the formation of laminated stalagmites, Carsologica Sinica, 18, 197–205, 1999 (in Chinese with English Abstract).
Tan, M., Hou, J. Z., and Cheng, H.: Methodology of quantitatively reconstructing paleoclimate from annually laminated stalagmite, Quaternary Sci., 22, 209–219, 2002.
Tan M., Liu T. S., Hou, J. Z., Qin, X. G., Zhang, H. C., and Li, T. Y.: Cyclic rapid warming on centennial-scale revealed by a 2650-year stalagmite record of warm season temperature, Geophys. Res. Lett., 30, 1617, https://doi.org/10.1029/2003GL017352, 2003.
Wang, Y. J., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., An, Z. S., Wu, J. Y., Shen, C. C., and Dorale, J. A.: A high-resolution absolute-dated late Pleistocene monsoon record from Hulu Cave, China, Science, 294, 2345–2347, 2001.
Wang, Y. J., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., He, Y. Q., Kong, X. G., An, Z. S., Wu, J. Y., Kelly, M. J., Dykoski, C. A., and Li, X. D.: The Holocene Asian Monsoon: Links to Solar Changes and North Atlantic Climate, Science, 308, 854–857, 2005.
Wang, Y. J., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Kong, X. G., Shao, X. H., Chen, S. T., Wu, J. Y., Jiang, X. Y., Wang, X. F., and An, Z. S.: Millennial- and orbital-scale changes in the East Asian monsoon over the past 224000 years, Nature, 451, 1090–1093, 2008.
Yuan, D. X., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Dykoski, C. A., Kelly, M. J., Zhang, M. L., Qing, J. M., Lin, Y. S., Wang, Y. J., Wu, J. Y., Dorale, J. A., An, Z. S., and Cai, Y. J.: Timing, Duration, and Transitions of the Last Interglacial Asian Monsoon, Science, 304, 575–578, 2004.
Zhang, P. Z., Cheng, H., Edwards, R. L., Chen, F. H., Wang, Y. J., Yang, X. L., Liu, J., Tan, M., Wang, X. F., Liu, J. H., An, C. L., Dai, Z. B., Zhou, J., Zhang, D. Z., Jia, J. H., Jin, L. Y., and Johnson, K. R.: A test of climate, sun, and culture relationships from an 1810-Year Chinese cave record, Science, 322, 940–942, 2008.
Zhou, H. Y., Wang, Q., and Cai, B. G.: Typical northern type speleothem micro-layers found in stalagmite KY1 collected from Kaiyuan Cave in Shandong Province, North China, Quaternary Sci., 30, 441–442, 2010 (in Chinese).
Short summary
The upper part of stalagmite ky1 (from top to 42.769 mm depth), consisting of 678 laminae, was collected from a cave in northern China, located in the East Asia monsoon area. The time of deposition ranges from AD 1217±20 to 1894±20. The analysis shows that both the variations in the thickness of the laminae themselves and the fluctuating degree of variation in the thickness of the laminae of stalagmite ky1 have obviously staged characteristics and synchronized with climate.
The upper part of stalagmite ky1 (from top to 42.769 mm depth), consisting of 678 laminae, was...
